Wall-block with flashing.



R. R. MABIE.

WALL BLOCK WITH FLASHING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR, 18, 1912.

1,064,753. Patented .nine 17, 1913.

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R. R. MABIE.

WALL BLOCK WITH FLASHING.

APPLICATION FILED 1111111.18, 1912.

1,064,753. Patented June 17, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

@39M afkomt Z l YIIIIITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RALPH R. MABIE, OF NEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK.

WALL-BLOCK WITH FLASHING.

Application filed March 18, 1912.

T0 all whom t may concern Beit known that I, RALrH R. MARIE, a citizenof the United States, residing at New Rochelle, in the county ofIVestchester and State of New York, have invented a certain new anduseful I/Vall-Block with Flashing; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, suchas will enable others skilled in the art t-o which it appertains to makeand use the same.

The object of my invention is to provide a suitable block to be insertedin the walls of structures having surfaces exposed to water or moisture,and requiring waterproof covering o-n such exposed surfaces, whichcovering is to be carried upward and secured in position.

One of the particular uses of my invention is the securing andprotecting of roof coverings properly in position.

In the drawings Figure l is an end view of a block containing oneexample of my invention; Fig. 2 is a side view of the same; Fig. 3 is aview of one end of the block showing the cap flashing turned down overthe roof covering; Fig. 4 is a similar view, showing another form offlashing piece applied; Fig. 5 is a top view of this example of myinvention; showing two blocks placed end to end; Fig. G is a front viewof two of the blocks of Figs. 1 to 5, in position, showing one steppedto the other; a course of mortar between them; Fig. 7 is a front view ofanother example of my invention; Fig. 8 is an end view of Fig 7; Figs. 9to 13 are views of blocks adapted to form the exterior and interiorcorners of walls on which the other blocks are used.

Similar characters of reference indicate like parts in all the drawings.

The object of my invention is to provide means for a suitable connectionbetween waterproof coverings for roofs, floors, etc., and the walls ofstructures which extend above the lines of the roofs or floors. Theseconnections have commonly been made by the use of various metal stripsknown as liashings, and inserted in two parts, one known as capflashing, to be incorporated in the wall by the mason, and the otherknown as base flashings, to be built into the roof covering andincorporated between the various layers of the same by the roofer. Insome cases the roof coverings consisting of felt, paper, or similarmaterials, have Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 17. 1913.

seriai No. 684,654.

been carried upward against the walls of the building and secured to thesame by nailing into the brick work. This method Y of providingconnections between the roofs and the walls has been found to beinadequate, as nails driven into the mortar, especially in newbuildings, become loose, and permit water to run down between the wallsand the roofing material. In some instances flat strips of wood havebeen inserted between the courses of bricks in the wall for the purposeof affording a nailing surface, to which the rooting material might bebetter secured, but it has been found that llat strips so inserted soonshrink, and become loose, and are liable to be pulled or fall out.

The cap flashings of metal commonly used heretofore have been designedof a flat piece of metal bent at right angles, one portion intended tolie in the wall flat, and the other bent down on the exposed surface ofthe same and over the edge of the roofing material, if the roofingmaterial is nailed to the wall, or over the top of a metal baseflashing, if such has been used to turn up against the wall. Ifincorporated with the roofing material these lat metal edges extendinginto the wall have been found not sufficient to securely hold the capflashing in place, as it frequently falls or is drawn out and permitsleaks at this point. I have learned from practical experience that bynone of these devices heretofore known, of securing flashings to wallsafter the walls have been constructed and the roof covering is to beapplied, can the connection be practically made uniform and water tight,so that the roof will be properly protected during changes oftemperature and other climatic conditions. In case the flashing, asheretofore inserted, either in openings in the wall made by scraping outthe mortar between the courses of the bricks, etc., or otherwise, is ofmetal, it will be less tightly packed in at some points than at others,and in case it is of fibrous water-proof materials which are affectedand softened by the heat of the sun, these also draw out of the grooveor slot and buckle, in either case there will be lines of suturedeveloping defects which the weather will search out, and through whichit will cause leaks, and damage building and contents. It can be readilyseen that the work of joining these two different materials#a buildingstone or a brick wall on one side, and Weather proof flashing materialon the other, the work to be done on the roof, the most exposed place,and in all kinds of weather, presents practical difllculties of peculiarcharacter. The most desirable building block would be one which extendsunbrokenly over the entire length of wall with an undivided llashingpiece formed integrally therewith, and without any line of suture, andmy invention contemplates a block of that character where the length ofthe block required makes that practicable: the most practicallysuccessful building block would be one of less length but formed withthe flashing piece similarly embodied, and provided with means to unitethe flashing pieces in a substantially unbroken strip for the entirelength of the roof; and the most economically successful building blockswould be those having the characteristics mentioned and constructed sothat they may be attached in place to or in the wall by the ordinaryskill of the brick layer or mason, and when so attached leave the wallin proper condition so that the roof covering can be brought up to andjoined with the flashing piece by the ordinary skill of the roofer,-f`orthe requirements of craf'tmanship must be taken into account. Thebuilding blocks of my invention comprise all of these requirements andinclude all of these advantages, and so far as known to me are the onlyarticles in which they are to be found, and I describe several examplesof my invention, and ligure them in the drawings.

In the block of one example, my invention may be carried out by the useof a wooden nailing strip which does not project beyond the ends of theblock, attached to a flashing piece which is longer than the block, andprojects about two inches beyond each end of the block. This nailingstrip and flashing piece is to be inserted in a suitable mold, or form,the flashing piece held stretched out, and the wet mass of cement pouredaround it evenly and smoothly, so that just the desired width of theflashing piece will project. from the mass, and when that has set, theflashing piece will be so anchored that it cannot possibly be drawn outof the block, and so that the weather cannot work in to impair it, butthat it constitutes a part of the very block itself. The wooden nailingstrip to which the flashing has been secured may be of wedge shape, orit may be provided with projections to take into the block itself',neither of which would permit insertion between the bricks in a brickwall. The material of which the block is composed is locked around thesame in such a manner that the nailing strip and flashing cannot beremoved without the entire destruction of the block. In the case of aroof ltions of the block may covered with tin or other material, thenailing strip would not be necessary, as the turned up ends of the roofcovering would be held suliiciently sti" to retain their place under thecap flashing which, can be turned down over the same.

In the drawings, l, is th'e block of one example of my invention; 2, isa form of' cap flashing used with this example, and one edge of' thisflashing is bent around a nailing strip, 3, as clearly shown in Fig. l.The ends of the block are provided with slanting slots, 4, 4, 5 and tl,and when the ends otl the blocks are joined together the projecting endsof the flashing piece, 2, enter the slots, 4, 5, or 6, as the case maybe. If the adjoining blocks are upon the same level the ends of theflashing pieces will lie against each other and pass into the sl-ots, 5,5, whereas, if one block is stepped the end of one flashing piece willenter either one of the slots, 4 or 5, as the case may be, and as shownin Fig. 6. The nailing strip, 3, as above stated may be of' wedge shape,which will be suliicient to retain it in place, and it may also havenails or other projections, O3, to still further secure itv in position,or it may be flat and have projecting nails or screws, or other engagingportions to hold it firmly in the block. The upper, lower and back porbeprovided with grooves, 7, 7, to take in the mortar when they are formedinto the wall. In this example of my invention I show, in Fig. 3, thenailing strip, 3, in place; the roof covering', S, carried up, so thatwhen the end of it is opposite the outer end of the nailing block, 3, alath or similar holding strip, 9, may then be nailed over the roof`covering, 8, and into the nailing block, 3, securing the roof coveringfirmly in place, and the flashing plate, 2, is then bent down and overthe joint as is clearly shown in Fig. 3. In F ig. 4l, which showsanother form of flashing applied to this example of my invention, a widepliable flashing, l1, is shown which is wide enough to extend from thenailing strip down to and upon the roof. @ne edge of this may be securedto a nailing strip, as 3, and the other edge extended downward, and tothe roof' surface, and there incorporated with and between the variouslayers of the roof covering. l/Jhen this form of' flashing is used theface of the block, 1, would be coated with pitch, or other suitableadhesive material, to the point at which the roof covering is carried.Then the roof covering would be similarly coated and the flashing piece,ll, turned down against the coated portion of the roof covering, andthus be held securely in place and protected from water or moisture.

In Fig. 7, I show a front view of another example of my invention, whichmay be employed with a flexible flashing that is adapted to act both asa cap and as a base flashing. In this example of my invention no nailingstrip is shown or needed, but the flashing piece, 12, is provided withhooks, 13, 13, or other holders of any suitable form that will take intoand securely retain the edge of the material firmly in the block whenthe same has hardened.

In Figs. 9 to 13 I show blocks adapted to be used in wall corners. Fig.9 is a perspective view of a block 14, to be of rectangular form, forexterior corners, and this is also provided with slots, 4, 4, 5, (l, totake in the projecting ends of the Hashing pieces of the adjacentblocks. rl`he flashing piecefor this .form of block may be convenientlyrectangular as shown at O2, Fig. 10. The corner block and flashing pieceshown in Figs. 11 to 13 is adapted for the interior corner of walls. Atop view is shown in Fig. 11, and a perspective view in Fig. 13. Thisform of block is also provided with slots similar to the slots, G, G,Je, 4, which are adapted to take in the ends of the flashing pieces, 2,Q, of the adjacent blocks` but as these ends, 2, Q, when inserted insuch slots and bent down into place would leave an open space throughwhich Water or moisture might penetrate to the roof or other surfacesdesigned to be protected, I provide a corner shield shown in Fig. 12,which may be made of any suitable material, and this is to be placedupon the top of the block at the corner angle, or in one of the slots,lt, L1, of the corner angle, wherever it will rest over and upon theends of the flashing pieces, as, 2, :2, inserted in such slots; thepart, 1G, resting upon the top of the block or upon and over the endsof, 2, 2, of the flashing pieces, and the parts, 17, 17, fitting intoand against the sides of the corner angle and thus protecting thatportion of the structure against the entrance of water or moisture.

It will thus be seen from the drawing and description that my inventionconsists essentially of a suitable building block in or into which aflashing piece has been suitably secured so that the flashing piece andblock form one complete and inseparable structure.

The best form of carrying out my invention consists in constructing aceincntblock, having incorporated therein and formed integral therewith,a flashing piece securely anchored therein. The nailing strip, 3, whenone is used, is of the length of the block. while the flashing piece, inany case, extends slightly beyond it on each side, to admit of theextended portions being inserted in the adjoining blocks and across thestrip of mortar securing the blocks in the wall, thereby covering theentire face of the wall, and providing a continuous waterproof cap.

My blocks may be made of any desired size. A convenient size is thethickness of two bricks and the course of mortar between them, and forlength, the length of two bricks, and the course of mortar between them,and any desired multiple of such size. .3y making them thus they Vfan bereadily inserted in any wall. and the exact number of my wall blocksrequired can be readily contracted for.

The larg-e blocks made according to my invention are provided with twoor more slots, 4, 6, adapted to receive the projecting ends of theflashing pieces upon different levels, so that they may be readilystepped in the wall, to conform to the inclined surfaces of the roof.The smaller blocks would not require these slots, as they may be steppedto the levels of the adjoining bricks.

My invention also contemplates the method of manufacturing wall blocksintegral with suitable tiashings, but that feature of my invention hasbeen reserved for a separate application.

The blocks of my invention can be readily and cheaply made, and bedelivered at the str-induitl where required coniplete in all respects,so that they can be inserted in position as readily as a. bricklayerins-erts a window sill or lintel. nd when the roofer comes to do hispart of the work he finds the [lashing piece all ready and firmly fixedin place, so that all he has to do is to bring up the ends of theroofing material and nail the same to the nailing strip, if one is used,and bend the [lashing piece over the ends, if the same is of metal, orif a flexible flashing piece of fibrous waterjiroof felt, cloth orsimilar material without a nailing strip is used, he coats the wallbeneath it with pitch, etc., brings up the ends of the roofing materialagainst the coated wall. coats the ends of the roofing material in likemanner, and then brings the flashing piece down to the roof and securesit there in a proper' manner. No tools or intelligence in either case isrequired, other than such as is available in the ordinarjv workman nowengaged in the trades of building and roofing.

It will thus be seen that my invention comprehends a flashing for use onwalls of structures having surfaces exposed to water or moisture andrequiring waterproof covering for such exposed surfaces, suoli flashingbeing inserted in the mass of concrete or other suitable plasticmaterial from which a suitable building block is in process offormation, which flashing thereby becomes inseparalily embedded in andforms a part of such block when the mass has set, and furnishes suitablemeans by which a permanent watertight bond can be established betweenthe flashing and the wall of the structure on which itl is used; suchbond not being subject to separation of the wall from the flashing pieceby the ordinary processes of nature which affect all other forms ofllashings heretofore used; and also includes a novel method of formingwaterproof connections between the ends of the llashings of adjoiningbuilding bloelts containing the same.

I am aware that it has been proposed to form wall blocks withlongitudinal grooves, in which to insert flashing pieces after the wallblock has been niannfaetured, and I do not claim any such devices, but

Having thus described my invention, what l Claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. As a new article of' manufacture. a flashing part inserted in andcombined with the mass olf plastic material in process of forming abuilding` block therefrom. and constituting' an inseparable part thereofwhen the same has hardened.

2. As a new artiele oti manufaetnre, a building` block including aflashing part inserted in and inseparably connected with such block, theends of such flashing part projecting beyond the ends of the block, andadapted to form overlapping eonnec` tions with adjoining blocks.

As a new article of manufacture, a building bloei: including a flashingpart inserted in and inseparably connected with such block, the ends ofsuch flashing part projectingbeyond the ends of the block, and adaptedto form overlapping connections with adjoining blocks, such blocksprovided with slots adapted to take in the projecting ends of suchflashing parts.

el. As a new article of' manufacture, a building block including a[lashing partl inserted in and inseparably connected with sueh block,the ends otl such flashing part projecting beyond the ends ot' theblock7 and adapted to form overlapping connections with adjoiningblocks, such blocks provided with a series ol slots adapted to take inthe projecting ends of such flashing parts upon ditferent levels.

The combination with a wall of a series of' composite building blockseach provided with a flashing part inseparably connected with the sameand incorporated in the plastic mass thereof before the saine has set,such flashing parts extending beyond the ends of* such blocks, and suchblocks provided with suitable slots adapted to take in the projectingends of said flashing parts.

G. A wall provided with one or more linear building blocks havingllashing parts inseparably connected with the same and incorporated inthe plastic mass thereof before the same has set, such flashing partsprojecting beyond the ends of such blocks. and the saine provided withsuitable slots adapted to take in the projecting ends of such flashingparts, in combination with angular corner blocks similarly provided withcorre sponding flashing parts and slots, and adapted to take in theprojecting ends of the flashing parts of two angular lines of suchlinear bloeks near their meeting points, the projecting ends of theflashing parts of' such corner block adapted to be taken into the slotsof sueh linear blocks.

RALPH R. MARIE.

Vitnesses:

HELEN A. BERGMAN, MAX B. A. DoInNG.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patenti, Washington, D. C.

